Gyratory crushers



Feb. 14, 1961 E. WERNER 2,971,705

GYRATORY CRUSHERS Filed May 8, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 64 IZO l )28 14- 92 y 84 7s H2 40 76 F 86 96 22 56 5 32 j 126 l H6 66 H I 0o I fl 1!! I l lNVENTOR.

EWALD WERNER PARKER & CARTER ATTORNEYS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. EWA L D WE R N E R PARKER 2L CARTER ATTO RNEYS Feb. 14, 1961 E. WERNER GYRATORY CRUSHER-S Filed May 8, 1957 Feb. 14, 1961 E. WERNER GYRATORY CRUSHERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 8, 1957 EWALD WERNER PARKER 8. CART ER ATTORNEYS Feb. 14, 1961 E. WERNER GYRATORY CRUSHERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed May 8, 1957 INVENTOR.

EWALD WERNER PARKER 8 CARTER ATTORNEYS u iwdf em Pam O 2,971,105 7 GYRATORY CRUSHERS Ewald Werner, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to Nordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Filed May 8, 1951, Ser. No. 657,930

'9 Claims. or. 241-292 This invention is in the'field of gyrotory crushers and is concerned primarily with the wearing parts, commonly termed the mantle and liner, for such a crusher either as separate replacement parts or in combination with adjacent or related interfitting parts and elements of the crusher itself.

A primary object of my invention is a new and im-' proved gyratory crusher that provides proper backing for the Wearing parts or elements.

Another object is a crusher with an arrangement for controlling the pouring of the backing material, com monly zinc, for the crushing parts.

Another object is a new and improved liner for use with such a crusher.

Another object is a backing or adapter ring usable in combination with a liner to back the upper portion of the liner.

Another object is a gyratory head for such a crusher with a' self-protecting distributor or feed plate.

Another object is a crusher of the above type with a vertically free feed cone that is otherwise free to move with the impact of the crushing blows.

Another object is'a new and improved liner for such a crusher with upstanding hooks at its upper edge to provide a control level for the zinc spill. 7

Another object is a new and improved liner for such a crusher with spill holes at the top to control the level of the backing material.

Another object is anew and improved self-tightening mantle for such a crusher.

Another object is a new and improved mantle structure for such a crusher. V r I Y Another object is' a mantle extension or annular ring member for the head of such a crusher to protect its torch ring and to interlockwith the mantle to provide self-tightening of both the mantle and its extension.

backing material or a Another object is in interlocking arrangement for the head and mantle of such a crusher.

Another object is a liner for such a crusher which is reinforced at and adjacentits upperend without re stricting thefiow of material to the crushingcavity.

Another object is an interlocking arrangement between the liner and feed cone of such a crusher so that the feed cone is shielded or protected from the crushing action. I 1 Y 7 Other objects will appear from time to time in the specification and drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section one form of my invention; I Figure 2 is a section taken along line 2-2 of;Figure 1;

7 Figure 3 is similarto Figure l, but of avan'ed form, on an enlarged scale;

Figure 4 is a partial variant;

Figure 5 is a'further partial variation;

Figure 6 is an additional modification;

of a crusher with "ice Figure 7 also is amodification;

Figure 8 is a further variation;

Figure 9 is a further variation; and

Figure 10 is a still further variation.

In'Figure 1 a crusher generally of, the gyratory type is shown. For example, such a crusher includes a main frame 10 mounted on any suitable base, not shown. Mounted on the main frame is a conventional so-called tilting ring or upper frame 12. This ring carries an outer housing 14, or the like, which has a suitable seal 16 at or adjacent its upper end.

A bowl 18 is screw-threaded to the tilting ring at 20 in a conventional manner. The seal 16 prevents foreign matter fromgetting to the threads through the top, and a suitable seal 21 may be used to protect the bottom. The bowl .releasably carries a liner, indicated generally at 22, by a structure to be explained in detail hereinafter. The liner is a generally frusto-conic member or element which may be made of manganese steel or any material having the general characteristics of manganese steel.

The main crusher shaft, indicated generally at 24, may be carried by the usual eccentric sleeve with some means for rotating thesleeve to cause the main shaft to gyrate about a fulcrumF, all of which may be conventional. The mainshaft may be tapered downwardly at its lower end and may seat in or against an anti-friction bearing in a conventional manner, not shown. 7

Mountedon the upper portion of the main shaft 24 is a crusherf head 26. An upper portion 28 of the head surrounds and engages a reduced portion 36 of the main shaft. The upper end 31 ofmthe shaft is shown as further reduced and may have an externally screw-threadedlPortion 32. a a a A generally frusto-c'onic' mantle 34 is shown on the head defining. acavity therewith filled with any suitable backing material-'36, such as zinc or otherwise. The

mantle 34 is engaged at its upper end by a mantle extension 38 which: is generally annular in configuration.

The head, mantle and mantle extension are all held down on the main shaft by a nut, indicated generally at 40, which is'screwed down on the threaded portion 32 of the shaft. r 5

The mantle, adjacent its upper edge, may be provided with at leasttwo, and possibly more, apertures or holes .42. These holes provide access to the cavity or chamthe otherfor venting. Also, the level should be such advisable, as set forthhereinafter.

that the backing material does not interfere with the threads at 32 between the nut and main shaft. The abutting surfaces between the mantle and mantle extension at 44 may, in certain instances, be blunt and ge'nerallyat right angles to the'plane of the mantle, but in certain applications, a degree of overhang or overlap is surfaces should be ground, or otherwise finished, to pro- Also, the fit should be finished.-

The mantle extension hasan inner, annular surface 48 which faces, upwardly and should-be finished- A j torch ring 50 is disposed between this surface 48 and an opposing'surface 52 at or adjacent the lower end of the nut 40. Thus, w hen the .nut is screwed down on the main shaft, compression passes through the torch ring,

the mantleextension and the mantle tothe head.

.- when the mantle has been sufiiciently worn in use to re- The pouring holes-42 that the mantle be provided with at least. two such holes,

in any event, these 3 quire replacement, it may be removed by simply torching out the ring 50, which will relieve the compression fit, allowing the nut to be turned without sledging.

During grinding, the material being fed into the crushing cavity has been known to strike and damage the torch ring, primarily due to; impactand abrasion. Whatever the cause, I provide an upstanding guard or rib 54 on the mantle extension, preferably an integral'part thereof, which defines an upwardly opening, annular trough 56. This trough will collect a protective pad of material to shield the torch ring. In certain installations, depending upon the material being ground, and its condition, the operative conditions of the machine, etc., this protective rib or guard may not be necessary. The guard or rib does not block or in any way form a restriction to the flow or movement of material to the crushing cavity but at the same time it effectively builds up an annular pad of either unground or partially ground material that will protect the torch" ring. 7

Material to be ground is fed through a suitable downspout or feed spout, indicated generally at 58. This material falls by gravity'to a feed plate 60 and is thrown off its peripheral edge, due to the motion of the head, and drops into the crushing cavity between the mantle and liner. The freely falling material from the spout rapidly abrades and wears away the feed plate, requiring frequent replacements.

To prevent this, I provide an upstanding, continuous wall or shoulder 62 of a height such that a material collecting trough 64 will be provided. This trough collects.

and retains a pad of material of sufficient depth, during operation, that the freely falling feed material from the feed spout will not damage the plate 60. This protective pad is quite important in reducing therdown time of the r'nachine. in my prior Patent 2,684,208, for example, a

diagonal lip is provided on the feed plate which merely directs the radial movement of the materialwithout retaining any of it on the feed plate. The fe'edplate from pression to the mantle and head, the parts will quickly assume a set position with a peripheral interlock effected back through the lugs 66 and-68 and the notches 70 and bars 76. v

Generally the bowl 18 includes an outer cylindrical wall $6 which is threaded to the tilting ring. A diagonal portion 88 interconnects the-outer wall to an inner wall 99, and a plurality of suitableintegral ribs 92 may be disposed between them for strength. The inner wall may support a bowl apron 93 or the like'which coacts with the seal 16. V

A tightening ring 94 is screw-threaded to the inner wall of the bowl as at 96 so that rotation raises and lowers the ring. The liner has a finished fit surface 98 at or adjacent its lower edge or end to provide engagement with a corresponding surface on the bowl. A cavity 1% is defined between the liner and bowl and a suitable backing material, zinc or otherwise, in a molten condition, is poured in, as shown. The outer somewhat cylindrical wall 102 of the tightening ring has an inner integral, diagonal portion 104 which is. provided .with a plurality of spaced lugs or projections 106 around its inner edge. V I

- The liner 22 turns outwardly at 108 at its upper end and a plurality of outwardly disposed, spaced hooks or lugs 11?- are provided to enact with the lugs or projections 10:? on the tightening ring.' It should be understood that the lugs on the liner and tightening ring pass through each other when the liner is being raised to its seat on the bowl but a few degrees of rotation of the liner overlap's the hooks or lugs 110 on top of the lugs 106: f I

A plurality oiupstanding lugs or the like 112, at spaced intervals, are provided on the tightening ring between the outer wall and the diagonal portion 104 to function as strengthening ribs as well as leverage projeetions. The inner Wall 90 or the bowl has a plurality time to time may have to be replaced due to wear'and I show it as .remoyably mounted by a plurality of bolts or the like 80. V The flange of the nut is provided with a piloting or centering shoulder 82 which serves to center' aplurality of supporting plates 84 which are welded or otherwise secured to the feed plate and provided with an arcuate notch to match the pilot on the nutgthereby properly and easily centering the feed plate. In the present invention, the guard or wall 62 should be of sufiicient height, relative to the speed of gyration of the headduring operation, such that a pad of, material will buildup and be retained. The precise height or this wall or lip may vary from one size unit to another. Butjin each (installation; the wall should form 'a material collecting and retaining trough or pan to provide a protective pad 1 of material onthe feed plate during operation. V In use the head is gyrated in a direction such that the mantle and nut are self-tightening. I V

tive rotation between the various parts, I interlock them.

For example, adjacent the upper edge of the mantle, I

provide a lug or projection 66,;preferably integral with the mantle, for. engaging a corresponding lug or 'projection 68, preferably integrally formed on the mantle ex tension. Adjacent'or at the inner edge of the'mantle openings 70 which are aligned with a plurality of vertical channels or passages 72in the nut." As shown in Figure 2, I provide four of these channels, but more or less maybe used. A key-type member 74 'isr provided' which which includes a plurality of extended prongs or bars 76, one, for each channel, and a circular top .or connectmgrnng '78, so that the entire key or lock struc- With the nutisecuredion the mains'h'aftiand applying com of corresponding ribs 114th provide leverage. for a crow bar, a hydraulic jack, or the like inserted between the ribs 112 and 114 for rotating the tightening ring. The lugs'dlz on the tightening ring might be sledged.

On the tightening ring, I provide a lower, outer cylindrical surface 116 which fits in and against a corresponding cylindrical surface. 118 on the bowl thereby providirtg an effective seal preventing the backing material from flowing upto the threads 96.

Above the crushing cavity, 1 provide a feed conewhich may include an upper, somewhat cylindrical portion 126 suitably secured to a'lower, somewhat frusto-conic portion 122. While these parts are shown as separate and welded together, they could be integral. In any event, the lower edge of the conic portion 122 is provided with an abutting face 124 which rests against a corresponding To prevent rela- 1 extension, I provide asuitable' number of notches'or' seat-1 26 on the liner.. lt'should be noted that the seat 126 opens 'up and away fromlthe crushing cavity so that any impact from'the crushing action in the cavity will be taken by the upper endof the liner and will not be transmitted to the feed cone. The feed cone is otherwise free and I may provide suitable spacers or center ing lugs 128, if desired. "ln any event, the important pointis that the feed cone is vertically free and may be lowered do wn into'the crusher after the tightening ring has been turned up to "draw the liner firmly against the bowl and the backing material poured. Further, the lower end of the feed cone is-behind the upper endof the liner so that crushing impacts'will rarely, if ever, be transmitted to the feed cone. But 'at thefsame time, the feed cone is free and ifany 'jars or impacts are. re ceived by it, it may easily accommodate itself and move with the impact. The conical surface 124 atits lower edge and the corresponding conical-seat 126 on the upper end of the liner provide apiloting arrangement'for proper seating.) i

In'Figure 3, I s head is indicated generally'at 130; the main shaft at 132,

haveshown a iniwhich the the mantle at 134, the mantle extension at 136, the torch ring at 138, the nut at 140, the bowl at 142, the tightening ring at 144, the bowl liner at 146, and the feed cone at 148. In this embodiment, I Provide parts and elements to convert-a unit in the field. For example, the main shaft 132 is quite short and I provide a stub shaft 150 which has 'a preferably integral bottom flange 152 secured to the head by a suitable number of bolts 154.

The abutting surfaces between the upper edge of the mantle and the lower edge of the mantle extension overlap somewhat and are disposed generally at an angle indioated at X. On top this may be considered an overlap providing a firm backing for the mantle, and on the bottom, it may be considered a piloting or seating arrangement for the mantle extension. In any event, I find it particularly advantageous to dispose these two mating surfaces at a substantial angle primarily to provide a firm backing for the upper end of the mantle which may not have zinc behind it. As before, the main shaft nut is intended to be self-tightening.

The opposed conical surfaces 156, 158 on the bowl and tighteningring may be spaced slightly from each other but preferably less than the capillary distance of the molten backing material to prevent the material from flowing up to the threads between the bowl and tightening ring. They are shown somewhat exaggerated.

The lower edge of the otherwise free feed cone .is provided with a plurality of notches 160 which overlap and interlock with upstanding hooks 162 on the upper end of the liner. Thus the feed cone, while being vertically free, will be interlocked against rotative movement and at the same time it will be protected or shielded against the crushing impacts in the cavity. Also a substantial gap is not present between the upper end of the liner and lower end of the feed cone, so foreign matter cannot enter. In this embodiment, the hooks rise slightly above the upper end of the liner'by a distance indicated at Y, to provide the interlock with the notches 160 on the lower end of the feed cone, while in Figure 1 the hooks or lugs 110 terminate below the upper edge of the liner to provide the seat 126 for the feed cone.

In Figure 3, I provide an offset or step in the upper end in the bowl liner. The vast majority of the crushing actually takes place toward the bottom of the cavity and on occasion a restriction will be formed in the upper part of the cavity, because its diameter, and therefore the total area allowing material to pass, is much less than the diameter of the bottom of the cavity. Therefore it is desirable to open up the top of the cavity so that material can be fed to the lower part of the crushing cavity as fast as crushing takes place, but at the same time at a uniform rate. For this reason, I provide a stepped concave portion 164 on the inner surface of the liner adjacent the upper end, and a corresponding con vex step 166 on the outer surface of the liner.- In effect,

the upper portion of the inner surface of theliner is set back by a distance Z which opens up the upper end of the cavity. At the same time I beef up the outside of the liner by a distance indicated at A so that the top of the liner will have substantially the same strength as previously. In comparison with the Figure l tightening ring, the conical wall 168 of the Figure 3 tightening ring is set back or relieved to accommodate the outward thickness A of the upper end of the liner while the wall 104 in Figure 1 projects forward a small amount.

In Figure 4, I have shown a modified form in which 173, or the like, and zinc may rise as at 174 toward the behind the abutting surfaces 184.

threads. I provide'one ,or more zinc overflow holes 176 adjacent the upper end of the liner at a predetermined point to establish a zinc level 178 to protect the threads between the bowl and tightening ring. I prefer that a plurality of such holes be used so that each hole will control the level of the backing material at .various localized areas around the liner but it might be otherwise. I might also provide a grease seal 179, if desired.

In Figure 5, I show a further variation of the mantle and head structure. For example, the mantle 180 and the mantle extension 182 abut at 184 and a cavity 186 is provided for backing material. In the. event that the area of the mantle and mantle extension around or behind their abutting surfaces 184 requires backing, I may use an adapter ring 188 which is shown as fitted against a shoulder 190 or the like formed on the top of the head 191. The adapter ring lies a suflicient distance behind the mantle extension so that the backing material may rise to the desired height to provide adequate backing for the area behind the surfaces 184. While I have shown a zincing hole 192 below the upper edge of the mantle, I might provide notches in the upper edge of the mantle, or in the lower edge of the mantle extension, such as at broken line 193, so that the backing material would rise to a level somewhat in the neighborhood of the dotted line 194 thereby providing a firm backing In this form, I have not shown the lugs between the mantle and mantle extension, as at 66 and 68 in Figure 1, because they would interfere with the adapter ring, but some other form of interlock might be used.

The problem of providing an adequate backing up to the top edge of the wearing element occurs with the bowl liner as well as the mantle, and in Figure 6 I have shown a variation for that point which is primarily inthe bowl is indicated generally at 169, the tightening 7 ring at 179, the liner at 171, and the feed cone at 172. The lower end of the tightening ring has been re moved so that the ring may engage theIbowl through its threaded section only. I do. not provide the matching cylindrical portions, such as at 156 and 158 in'Figure 3, to prevent the ring from seizing in the bowl. On occasion, the ring has been deformed during the crushing operation :as a result of the'crushing impacts. r, Asshown threads; 212. At the same 7 tended as a field conversion unit. The bowl 196 re ceives an adapter ring 198 with engaging cylindrical surfacesi20tl, and a piloting notch 202. on the outer edge of the adapter ring that fits on a shoulder 204 of the bowl. The adapter ring could be welded to the bowl as at 205. The lower portion 206 of the adapter ring is somewhat massive and. is bevelled at 208 along its outer surface to form an upward extension of the bowl, although set back somewhat. A somewhat smaller tightening ring 210 is threaded, to the adapter ring at 212 and is provided with a plurality of inwardly extending lugs 214 which engage upstanding hooks 216 that rise abovethe upper end of the liner 218. Rotation of the tightening ring210 will raise the liner firmly against the bowl.

The lower edge of the hooks 216 rise above the upper end of the liner by a predetermined distance indicated at B so that the zinc level 220 will be at a predetermined point below the threads 212. When the zinc is poured, any excess zinc above the level 220 will flow between the hooks into the crushing cavity.

The lower edge of the feed cone 222 is provided with a plurality of notches or slots 224 which fit down over the hooks so that the feed cone actually rests on the upper edge 226 of the liner. The notches 224 should be somewhat Wider than the hooks 216 so that openings will be provided to allow the zinc to overflow.

In the Figure 6 form, the adapter ring functions as an upward extension of the bowl providing a firm backing for the upper portion of the liner, in this case the outwardly stepped portion of the liner, but it might be otherwise. The somewhat smaller tightening ring israised above the level of the backing material.) The hooks 216, in addition to extending radially outwardly, also rise a substantial distance above the upper edged the liner, thereby providing a zinc level control protecting the was pp r edg 6- 1 timepthe liner backed up.

'by the liner.

cone does not rest on the hooks and its weight istaken by the liner. v

In the Figure 7 modification, the bowl is indicated generally at 228, the liner at 230, thetightcning ring at 232, and the feed cone at 234. In this arrangement, the.

upper edge of the liner is indicated generally at 236 and the hooks have prongs 238 which. are disposed generally on a levei with the upper edge of the liner. For example, the top surface 249 of each hook is bevelled somewhat so as to provide a pocket on the upper outer surface of the liner to receive the lower edge of the feed cone.

In this case, the lower edge of the feed cone does not have any notches or slots that fit over the hook so that the feed cone may rotate, But by dropping the hooks down somewhat and raising the inner edge of the liner, I provide better shielding for the unrestrained feed cone against crushing impacts. 'At the same time, I may provide a plurality of openings or holes 242 through the liner below the hooks to establish a zinc level 224 below the threads between the bowl and tightening ring. 'But' in other respects, it may be the same as before. As in several of'the previous modifications, backing behind the upper edge of the liner is'provlded by the tightening ring, although the upper end around the hooks will not be backed up. But at the same time the lower end of .the feed cone will be fully shielded. Also with the space at 245 between the bowl and tightening ring such that zinc might run up, the openings 242 protect the threads.

In the Figure 8 form, I have shown a modification in which the bowl is indicated generally at 246, the liner at 248, the tightening ring at 250, andthe feed cone at 252. The tightening ring is extended along its diagonal portion 254 to provide a backing for the upper end of the liner for a substantial portion thereof.

surfaces at the lower end of the tightening ring and the bowl to prevent the flow'of backing material up to the threads 258, as before. The hooks 260 on the back'of the liner and the full weight of the feed'cone is carried 'Also the feed cone is otherwise unconstrained. In this form I may provide a fine cavity, while in the previous forms the cavities should be considered somewhat coarse. One of the important points of this modification is that the tightening ring itself backs up the upper end of the liner,jand backing material may now generally to the level 264 which may be the upper I -inay provide only slight clearance as at 256 between the'cyllndrical V the upper end of the liner extend up somewhat and cooperating notches 262 are provided on the feed cone. The feed cone is fully shielded behind the upper end of edge of the liner. The tightening ring backs up. the upper.

a portion of the liner. V v

In the Figure 9 form, the tightening ring 266 is similar.

to the Figure 4 form and terminates on. its loweredge'at 268 so that zinc, or any suitable backing material, will fill the cavity 270 formed bythe liner, bowl and tighten ing ring. Backing material may flow generally to the level 272 as controlled by a'plurality of'overflow holes 224" adjacent the upper edge of the liner. In this case the tightening cannot seize in the bowl. The feed cone 276 may be notched as at 278 to fit the hooks 280 on the liner. This is in'a sense a modification of theFigure 8 form to take care of those situations where the tighten-- ing ring of Figure 8, during crushing, is deformed and fiows tight or otherwise seizes with the bowl liner, and;

Figure 9 may be used in those instances where the upper end of the liner does not need full backing.

yIn Figure 10, the upper portion of the bowl 266' is relievedand arr adapter ring 268", similar to Figure 6 is provided. The tighteningring 270 is screw-threaded to the adapter r-ingand the diagonal surface 272' of the adapterring forms an'extension of the bowl. Thus the linerwi'll' be backed up almost all 'theway to its hpper edge. shown," the hooks 274' rise"asubstantial distial axial distance above the upper end of the liner.

In this case, notches 278' are provided in the lower end.

of the feed cone 280 so. that the feed cone will be rotatively interlocked with the'liner and at the same time shielded or protected: from the crushing impacts. In many ways the Figure 10 form is a compilation of several of the previous forms. As with the Figure 6 form, I intend this primarily for a field conversion unit.

The use, operation and function of my invention are as follows:

I provide a number of functional features for use in or with a gyratory crusher primarily intended to better adapt wearing parts to the basic machine. For example, the feed plate, as shown in Figure l, is self-protecting. The same is true-of the torch ring in the Figure 1 form, where a pad of material builds up in the trough around it.

The head is self-tightening and I interlock the mantle, mantle extension and nut in the Figure 1 form so that the self-tightening will extend through the various parts.

7 The 'feed cone is unconstrained and may move or otherwise accommodate itself to any crushing impacts it receives, thus avoiding damage by fracture. At the same time, the feed cone rests on and behind theupper end of the bowl liner so as to be shielded by it. At the same time, I may interlock the feedcone to the liner by providing notches or channels in the lower edge of the feed cone to overlie upstanding hooks or the like on the liner, depending upon the particular installations, to effect a seal. I

In any, given installation if, the tightening ring that supports the bowl'liner has a tendency to deform and flow so as to seize in the bowl, I may provide an adapter ring which will simultaneously back up the upper end of the liner and also supportthe tighteningring with the threads well above the zinc level. I also provide a zinc overflow leveling arrangement, in the form of holes through the upper end of the liner or upstanding hooks that provide overflow channels so that the backing materiahwhen it is poured in a molten form, will rise to a predetermined level and no higher. This same arrangement is carried out for the mantle where I may provide holes through the upper end of the mantle, notches in the upper edge of the mantle," or notches in the lower end of the mantle extension.

To prevent a restriction at the upper end or entrance to the. crushing cavity, I set back the upper end of the liner while maintaining itsfgeneral thickness and at the same time I may relieve the tightening ring in the upper level In others! prefer the upstanding hooks or a combination. Butin any case, I prefer'that the free feed cone rests against what may be considered an upwardlyand outwardly facing seat; on the upper end of the And in many installations, the feed cone should be.

liner. rotatively interlocked to the liner ,by providing notches in the lowerend of the feed cone. 7 J

In certain situations, the hooks should rise a substan- For example, consider Figure 10., The distance C between the surface of the hook that engages the lug on the tight ening ring and the upper edge of the liner should be such that zinc, when at the level 276', will-flow over before it reaches the threads. In the various. forms, I may or may not provide a grease seal behind the threads to protect them'againstdust and dirt.

If the upper end of the-mantle and the lower edge of the mantle extension should be backed up in a particular installation,-the interlocking or intereng'aging lugs 66 and 68 may not be provided and an adapter ring'may be used so that the backing materiaL- be it zinc or otherwise,

9 I may rise to the desired height'behind' the mantle and mantle extension. In certain conversion units, I may use a stub shaft, such as in Figure 3, butin original installations, the. main shaft will extend up to the threaded portion, such as at 32 in Figure I. 7

While I have shown and described a preferred form and suggestedlsever'al'modifications of my invention, numerous additional modifications, substitutions, alterations and changes may he made 'without departing from the fundamental theme and purpose of my invention. 1 have referred to the backing material many times as zinc, but it might be otherwise. I therefore wish that the invention be unrestricted except as by the appended claims.

I claim:

I. In a gyratory crusher or the like, a gyratable head constructed to define a somewhat frusto-conic crushing cavity with a surrounding bowl, a frusto-conic mantle of manganese steel or the like on the head, an annular mantle extension on the head above and in engagement with the upper edge of the mantle, a lock nut adjustably connected to the head to as to bear against the mantle extension to apply a downward thrust against the mantle and mantle extension thereby holding them on the head, a torch ring between the lock nut and mantle extension through which the compressive forcee of the lock nut is applied to the mantle extension, and an upstanding continuous somewhat annular rib on the mantle extension outwardly bounding the torch ring and defining an inner material collecting trough around the torch ring to receive a pad of material for the protection of the torch ring during grinding.

2. For use in a gyratory crusher or the like having a gyratable head constructed to define a somewhat frustoconic crushing cavity with a surrounding bowl and a generally frusto-conic mantleof manganese steel or the like on the head, the improvement comprising an annular mantle extension adapted to be mounted on the head above and in engagement with the upper edge of the mantle to receive and transmit to the mantle the downward thrust of a lock nut on the head, and an upstanding continuous somewhat annular rib on the mantle extension defining a material collecting'trough to receive a pad of material for the protection during grinding of a torch ring between the lock nut and mantle extension.

3. In a gyratory crusher, a bowl and head defining a generally frusto-conic crushing cavity with means for gyrating the head to effect a crushing action, a liner for the bowl including a generally frusto-conic body defining a cavity with the bowl for a backing material, means for removably locking the liner on the bowl including a plurality of outwardly extending spaced hooks at the upper end of the liner, a rotatable tightening ring between the upper end of the liner and bowl with upwardly facing inner lugs engaging the hooks on the liner, and an adapter ring on the bowl screw-threaded to the tightening-ring,-

the'inner portion of the adapter ring being disposed to back up the upper end of the liner but spaced from it to define an upper extension of the backing material cavity.

4. For use in a gyratory crusher and the like having a downwardly and outwardly diverging gyratory head and a bowl and liner around and overhanging the head and defining a crushing cavity with the head, the liner being removably connected to the bowl, large end down,

with its small upper end extending inward of the bowl to provide an annular seat opening in a direction away from the crushing cavity, the improvement comprising a feed cone adapted to be disposed otherwise longitudinally free above the crushing cavity with its lower end engaging the seat on the liner so that the feed cone will be shielded from the crushing cavity by the upper end of the liner, and a plurality of spaced notches in the lower end of the feed cone adapted to be fitted on hooks on the upper end of the liner so as to rotatively interlock the feed cone to the liner.

5. In a gyratory crusher, a generally upright outward- 1.0. ly and downwardly flaring head, an overhanging somewhat conforming bowl defining 'a generally conical crushing cavity with the head, the head being mounted for gyratory movement to effect a crushing action with the bowl, a removable replaceable generally frusto-conic wearing mantle structure on the head having the 'general characteristics of manganesesteel, a lock nut on the upper end of the head constructed for adjustment and bearing against the mantle structure to hold it down on the head, at least one inwardly directed integral lug on the mantle structure, and interlocking means between the lug and the lock nut to prevent relative rotation of the mantle structure on the head relative to the lock nut, said interlocking means being separate from the lock nut and separately operable, and including an axial passage through the nut opening at the lower end thereof opposite the lug on the mantle structure, and a reseat, an annular mantle extension adapted to be disposed on the head With its outer lower peripheral edge being uninterrupted and in engagement with the seat at the throat of the mantle, and interengaging lugs between the mantle and mantle extension together spanning the seat on the mantle and the engaged outer lower peripheral edge of the mantle extension toprevent relative rotation between the mantle and mantle extension'during oper-' ation of the crusher, the lugs being integral with the mantle set and extending inwardly from the inner surface of the mantle and mantle extension, the lug on the mantle extending radially inwardly beyond the inner edge of the mantle throat, and the lug on the mantle extension extending axially downwardly beyond the outer lower peripheral edge of the mantle extension.

7. For use in a gyratory crusher or the like, an upwardly truncated centrally open frusto-conic liner of a material having the general characteristics of manganese steel with a normal open inner crushing surface and an outer surface constructed to define with the bowl of the crusher a space for backing material having a normal maximum upper level, the upper edge of the liner having means constructed to be engaged by a locking device arranged to apply an upward thrust to the liner to hold it in place against the bowl, and at least one-aperture at the upper edge of the liner disposed generally in a direction at right angles to the axis of the liner and opening through the liners outer surface well up in thespace for backing material and positioned at the normal maximum upper level thereof such that, during pouring, the backing material will not rise above the normal maximum upper level in the space.

8. For use in a gyratory crusher or the like, an upwardly truncated centrally open frusto-conic liner of a material having the general characteristics of manganese steel with a normally open inner crushing surface and an outer surface constructed to define with the bowl of the crushera space for backing material having a normal maximum level, the outer surface of the liner having integral hooks constructed to be engaged by a locking device on the crusher arranged to apply an upward thrust to the liner to hold it in place against the bowl of the crusher, and at least one channel at the upper edge of the liner opening through the liners inner surface and also through its outer surface, the opening in the outer surface being disposed well up in the space for backing material and positioned at the normal maximum upper level thereof such that, during pouring, the

backing material will not rise above the normal maximum upper level in the space and the channel will function as a spill port for excess backing material. a

9; Peruse in a gyratory crusher and the like having a downwardly and outwardly diverging gyratory head and a bowl structure around and overhanging the head and defining a crushing cavity with the head and providing an annular seat above the head facing in a direction away from the crushing cavity, the improvement comprising a feed cone adapted to be disposed otherwise longitudinally free above the crushing cavity with its lower end engaging theseat on the bowl structure so that the feed cone will be shielded from the crushing cavity by the bowl structure, and a plurality of spaced notches in the lower end of the feed cone adapted to be fitted on projections rising from the seat on the bowl structure so as to rotatably interlock the feed cone to the bowl structure.

References-Cited in the file of this patent UNITEDYSTAT-ES PATENTS Morch "Feb; 13, Gruender V July l6, Gruender Feb. 15, Ru'rnpel Feb; 24, Gruender May 30, Zoerb Apr. 21, Werner July 20, Roubal Apr. 21,

FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Feb.; 7,

Great Britain July 5, 

